Cranberries, scientifically known as Vaccinium macrocarpon, have been the subject of study for decades due to their multiple health benefits, especially for the urinary system. This fruit, characterized by its bittersweet flavor and intense red color, is more than an ingredient in jams and desserts; It is a rich source of antioxidants, vitamins and minerals, which can play a crucial role in preventing urinary tract infections and improving overall kidney and urinary tract health.
How cranberry eliminates the bacteria that cause cystitis
First thing to know is what substance has the cranberry that characterizes it of its multiple health benefits.
Cranberries contain proanthocyanidins (PACs), also known as oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs), which are phenolic compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
This proanthocyanidins are polysaccharides that prevent the flagellar antigen H from allowing Escherichia coli to anchor to the walls of the bladder.
Escherichia coli, through this flagellar antigen H, what it does is to group together, forming a cluster that anchors to the diseccated mucosa, in such a way that this urination does not manage to eliminate all the E.coli, what it does is to avoid the action of the flagellar antigen, in such a way that E.coli is free and is perfectly eliminated with the force of bladder´s contraction during urination in such a way that the detrusor[1] can eliminate them.
Prevention of urinary infections
One of the most notable benefits of cranberry is its ability to prevent the appearance of urinary tract infections, especially in women, who are more prone to suffer from them. Research suggests than cranberry contains compounds called type A proanthocyanidins, which inhibit the adhesion of certain bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, to the walls of urinary tract. By preventing the bacteria from adhering and multiplying, cranberry consumption significantly reduces the risk of developing urinary tract infections.
Kidney health
Cranberry also contributes to kidney health. By helping to prevent the recurrence of urinary tract infections, you reduce the risk of these infections ascending to the kidneys, which can lead to more serious conditions, such as pyelonephritis (kidney infection). In addition, cranberry promotes diuresis which helps cleaning the kidneys by eliminating toxins through urine.
Reducing the Risk of Kidney Stone Formation
Although more research is needed in this area, some preliminary studies suggest that cranberry may help reduce the risk of forming certain types of kidney stones. This is because cranberry can help reduce the concentration of calcium oxalate in the urine, one of the main components of the most common kidney stones
Antioxidant Properties
Cranberries are rich in antioxidants, such as vitamin C, flavonoids, and other phytochemicals, which play a crucial role in protecting the body against damage caused by free radicals. These antioxidants not only help maintain a healthy urinary system, but also offer general health benefits, such as improving immune function and protection against various chronic diseases.
How to incorporate Cranberries into the Diet
Incorporating cranberry into the diet is simple and can be done in various ways, such as consuming the fruit fresh, in juice (preferably without added sugar), in extract capsules or tablets, or even in the form of jams and sauces. The most recommended way to incorporate it into our diet is by 36 mg of PAC/day. It is important to note that although cranberry consumption is generally safe for most people, those with certain medical conditions or taking specific medications should consult a health professional before incorporating it regularly into their diet.
Conclusion
The cranberry offers a series of benefits for the urinary system and overall health, thanks to its antiadhesive, diuretic, antioxidant and possibly antilithiasis properties. Its incorporation into the diet can be an effective and natural strategy to prevent urinary infections and improve kidney health, among other benefits. However, it is crucial to remember that cranberry consumption does not replace medical treatment in cases of established urinary tract infections or severe kidney problems.
Bibliography: “In-vitro and in-vivo evidence of dose-dependent decrease of uropathogenic Escherichia coli virulence after consumption of commercial Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry) capsules.”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4749672/
[1] Detrusor: It is the layer of smooth muscle that is part of the wall of the urinary bladder and whose contraction causes urination.